Whatever Happened to Gary Cooper? A Seven-Step Program to Return America to a Quieter, Less Muscular, Patriotism

by: William Astore  |  TomDispatch.com

Whatever Happened to Gary Cooper? A Seven-Step Program to Return America to a Quieter, Less Muscular, Patriotism
Gary Cooper in "Sergeant York." (Photo: Warner Brothers Pictures)

    I have a few confessions to make: After almost eight years of off-and-on war in Afghanistan and after more than six years of mayhem and death since "Mission Accomplished" was declared in Operation Iraqi Freedom, I'm tired of seeing simpleminded magnetic ribbons on vehicles telling me, a 20-year military veteran, to support or pray for our troops. As a Christian, I find it presumptuous to see ribbons shaped like fish, with an American flag as a tail, informing me that God blesses our troops. I'm underwhelmed by gigantic American flags - up to 100 feet by 300 feet - repeatedly being unfurled in our sports arenas, as if our love of country is greater when our flags are bigger. I'm disturbed by nuclear-strike bombers soaring over stadiums filled with children, as one did in July just as the National Anthem ended during this year's Major League Baseball All Star game. Instead of oohing and aahing at our destructive might, I was quietly horrified at its looming presence during a family event.

    We've recently come through the steroid era in baseball with all those muscled up players and jacked up stats. Now that players are tested randomly, home runs are down and muscles don't stretch uniforms quite as tightly. Yet while ending the steroid era in baseball proved reasonably straightforward once the will to act was present, we as a country have yet to face, no less curtail, our ongoing steroidal celebrations of pumped-up patriotism.

    It's high time we ended the post-Vietnam obsession with Rambo's rippling pecs as well as the jaw-dropping technological firepower of the recent cinematic version of G.I. Joe and return to the resolute, undemonstrative strength that Gary Cooper showed in movies like High Noon.

    In the HBO series The Sopranos, Tony (played by James Gandolfini) struggles with his own vulnerability - panic attacks caused by stress that his Mafia rivals would interpret as fatal signs of weakness. Lamenting his emotional frailty, Tony asks, "Whatever happened to Gary Cooper?" Whatever happened, in other words, to quiet, unemotive Americans who went about their business without fanfare, without swagger, but with firmness and no lack of controlled anger at the right time?

    Tony's question is a good one, but I'd like to spin it differently: Why did we allow lanky American citizen-soldiers and true heroes like World War I Sergeant Alvin York (played, at York's insistence, by Gary Cooper) and World War II Sergeant (later, first lieutenant) Audie Murphy (played in the film To Hell and Back, famously, by himself) to be replaced by all those post-Vietnam pumped up Hollywood "warriors," with Sylvester Stallone and Arnold Schwarzenegger-style abs and egos to match?

    And far more important than how we got here, how can we end our enduring fascination with a puffed up, comic-book-style militarism that seems to have stepped directly out of screen fantasy and into our all-too-real lives?

    A Seven-Step Recovery Program

    As a society, we've become so addicted to militarism that we don't even notice the way it surrounds us or the spasms of societal 'roid rage that go with it. The fact is, we need a detox program. At the risk of incurring some of that 'roid rage myself, let me suggest a seven-step program that could help return us to the saner days of Gary Cooper:

    1. Baseball players on steroids swing for the fences. So does a steroidal country. When you have an immense military establishment, your answer to trouble is likely to be overwhelming force, including sending troops into harm's way. To rein in our steroidal version of militarism, we should stop bulking up our military ranks, as is now happening, and shrink them instead. Our military needs not more muscle supplements (or the budgetary version of the same), but far fewer.

    2. It's time to stop deferring to our generals, and even to their commander-in-chief. They're ours, after all; we're not theirs. When President Obama says Afghanistan is not a war of choice but of necessity, we shouldn't hesitate to point out that the emperor has no clothes. Yet when it comes to tough questioning of the president's generals, Congress now seems eternally supine. Senators and representatives are invariably too busy falling all over themselves praising our troops and their commanders, too worried that "tough" questioning will appear unpatriotic to the folks back home, or too connected to military contractors in their districts, or some combination of the three.

    Here's something we should all keep in mind: generals have no monopoly on military insight. What they have a monopoly on is a no-lose situation. If things go well, they get credit; if they go badly, we do. Retired five-star general Omar Bradley was typical when he visited Vietnam in 1967 and declared: "I am convinced that this is a war at the right place, at the right time and with the right enemy - the Communists." North Vietnam's only hope for victory, he insisted, was "to hang on in the expectation that the American public, inadequately informed about the true situation and sickened by the loss in lives and money, will force the United States to give up and pull out."

    There we have it: A classic statement of the belief that when our military loses a war, it's always the fault of "we the people." Paradoxically, such insidious myths gain credibility not because we the people are too forceful in our criticism of the military, but because we are too deferential.

    3. It's time to redefine what "support our troops" really means. We console ourselves with the belief that all our troops are volunteers, who freely signed on for repeated tours of duty in forever wars. But are our troops truly volunteers? Didn't we recruit them using multi-million dollar ad campaigns and lures of every sort? Are we not, in effect, running a poverty and recession draft? Isolated in middle- or upper-class comfort, detached from our wars and their burdens, have we not, in a sense, recruited a "foreign legion" to do our bidding?

    If you're looking for a clear sign of a militarized society - which few Americans are - a good place to start is with troop veneration. The cult of the soldier often covers up a variety of sins. It helps, among other things, hide the true costs of, and often the futility of, the wars being fought. At an extreme, as the war began to turn dramatically against Nazi Germany in 1943, Germans who attempted to protest Hitler's failed strategy and the catastrophic costs of his war were accused of (and usually executed for) betraying the troops at the front.

    The United States is not a totalitarian state, so surely we can hazard criticisms of our wars and even occasionally of the behavior of some of our troops, without facing charges of stabbing our troops in the back and aiding the enemy. Or can we?

    4. Let's see the military for what it is: a blunt instrument of force. It's neither surgical nor precise nor predictable. What Shakespeare wrote 400 years ago remains true: when wars start, havoc is unleashed, and the dogs of war run wild - in our case, not just the professional but the "mercenary" dogs of war, those private contractors to the Pentagon that thrive on the rich spoils of modern warfare in distant lands. It's time to recognize that we rely ever more massively to prosecute our wars on companies that profit ever more handsomely the longer they last.

    5. Let's not blindly venerate the serving soldier, while forgetting our veterans when they doff their spiffy uniforms for the last time. It's easy to celebrate our clean-cut men and women in uniform when they're thousands of miles from home, far tougher to lend a hand to scruffier, embittered veterans suffering from the physical and emotional trauma of the battle zones to which they were consigned, usually for multiple tours of duty.

    6. I like air shows, but how about - as a first tiny step toward demilitarizing civilian life - banning all flyovers of sporting events by modern combat aircraft? War is not a sport, and it shouldn't be a thrill.

    7. I love our flag. I keep my father's casket flag in a special display case next to the very desk on which I'm writing this piece. It reminds me of his decades of service as a soldier and firefighter. But I don't need humongous stadium flags or, for that matter, tiny flag lapel pins to prove my patriotism - and neither should you. In fact, doesn't the endless post-9/11 public proliferation of flags in every size imaginable suggest a certain fanaticism bordering on desperation? If we saw such displays in other countries, our descriptions wouldn't be kindly.

    Of course, none of this is likely to be easy as long as this country garrisons the planet and fights open-ended wars on its global frontiers. The largest step, the eighth one, would be to begin seriously downsizing that mission. In the meantime, we shouldn't need reminding that this country was originally founded as a civilian society, not a militarized one. Indeed, the revolt of the 13 colonies against the King of England was sparked, in part, by the perceived tyranny of forced quartering of British troops in colonial homes, the heavy hand of an "occupation" army, and taxation that we were told went for our own defense, whether we wanted to be defended or not.

    If Americans are going to continue to hold so-called tea parties, shouldn't some of them be directed against the militarization of our country and an enormous tax burden fed in part by our wasteful, trillion-dollar wars?

    Modest as it may seem, my seven-step recovery program won't be easy for many of us to follow. After all, let's face it, we've come to enjoy our peculiar brand of muscular patriotism and the macho militarism that goes with it. In fact, we revel in it. Outwardly, the result is quite an impressive show. We look confident and ripped and strong. But it's increasingly clear that our outward swagger conceals an inner desperation. If we're so strong, one might ask, why do we need so much steroidal piety, so many in-your-face patriotic props, and so much parade-ground conformity?

    Forget Rambo and action-picture G.I. Joes: Give me the steady hand, the undemonstrative strength, and the quiet humility of Alvin York, Audie Murphy - and Gary Cooper.

    --------

    William Astore, a retired lieutenant colonel (USAF), is a TomDispatch regular. He teaches History at the Pennsylvania College of Technology and can be reached at wastore@pct.edu.

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Well said...I couldn't agree

Well said...I couldn't agree with you more.


Amen!

Amen!


What a good article,

What a good article, especially by an ex-military officer. A very solid group of proposals; for people with common sense, they aren't hard to support at all. The military itself is harmed by the "steroid" mentality, not to mention the country that pays for it.


wow. you put into words what

wow. you put into words what we all have been seeing and feeling for decades.


I'm sorry it's so rare that

I'm sorry it's so rare that the absolute absurdity or US military expenditure is highlighted, much less even mentioned. And some proclaim universal health care to be a waste of public funds even as they seem to believe that cutting a dime from the military (much less not giving them a huge annual percentage increase in funding) will cause the death of the US. What utter nonsense. How sad. How utterly stupid.


I'm always astonished that

I'm always astonished that politicians keep listening to generals who, unfortunately have a vested interest in warfare. Their promotions and political aspirations depend on having a successful outcome so they are always shouting "More, more...."


Well said, LTC Astore.

Well said, LTC Astore. Thanks for that comprehensive, and easily comprehended, piece. Our country seems to forget that the mission of the Defense Dept. and our Services is to prevent or defeat our enemies' will to fight. "Prevent" is first, and every officer learns that it means we should be deeply reluctant to engage in any war. The issue is whether we have the "guts" to truly prevent war, and it seems, from how we (literally) worship our war culture, that we would rather fight than prevent wars. In the car world, there is saying - "If it won't go, chrome it". In our society today, our current ideals may not go, so we use the military to "chrome" them and force them down others' throats. I say "current" ideals because it seems we've forgotten the ideals that created that likes of Sgts. York and Murphy. This current use of our military must disgust those who understand the unique value (and tension) that our civilian-lead military gives this country. There is always a cathartic thrill in seeing our nation's power exhibited, whether in air shows or on TV (or more indirectly through the Rambo movies). There is a problem, however, when we obsess on the catharsis instead of pursuing real solutions to our world's profound problems. This addiction is worse because it is social in nature rather than individual. Your 7-step program would be a good approach, but it requires a "step zero" where we as a nation admit we have a problem. That may require bankrupting the country before we're ready to do that - a bottom I would hope we don't have to touch.


As a former 97B, I agree

As a former 97B, I agree that we need to redefine patriotism. However, there is no "Gary Cooper" to go back to. Jingoism and militarism in the US go back to Revolutionary times. Go get a book on the history of political cartooning, for an eye-opener on how media, business interests, and the state (which are NOT separate "estates') have jerked around the uninformed since the beginning. Oh, and next time someone forwards you that stupid story about how school kids were not allowed to have their desks until soldiers brought them into the classroom, remind the sender that CIVILIANS defend our freedoms by voting and paid for that wasted classroom time. The military is there to defend against EXTERNAL threats to our physical, not ideological, safety . Read the flippin' constitution.


Excellent observations and

Excellent observations and very well put. My father, an Army officer, couldn't have said it better. He never expected slavish adulation and laughed at the idea of precision bombing. It is an adjustment to move back into a civilian life for an individual, but the author is correct: it takes concerted public will to de-militarize an entire society. It can be done, and as the author points out, we have many civilian traditions on which to draw, in order to accomplish the task. Good piece!


Control of the military

Control of the military needs to come from Congress and this will never happen as long as large sums of money are needed from defense contractors to fund their political campaigns. "Military/industrial/(and congressional) complex" is a well worn phrase first used by President Eisenhower in his 1956 farewell address, but it still accurately describes the problem. The only difference is that today the problem is far worse than even he could have imagined.


I had a similar thought,

I had a similar thought, although not so eloquently expressed, while watching a small town parade this summer. The first units in the parade were military - and this was a parade in celebration of a corn festival! What rational connection did the military have to the theme??


Whenever I see a "support

Whenever I see a "support our troops" sticker on a car, I ask the occupants what they have done to support our troops. Here's what legislators in Washington did. They passed yet another resolution supporting our troops, then they immediately passed a provision refusing to improve housing for military families.


I agree with the sentiment

I agree with the sentiment 100%, and it was beautifully written, as well. Bravo!


As a German it makes me sick

As a German it makes me sick to see this PATRIOTISM. This behavior is exactly what got us Germans into problems. Accept soldiers in the streets and Parades. See the Rambo warriors in every new movie. Wave Flags. Have Stickers without required actions. Separate the World into Americans and brown-skinned monkeys. Give a daily toll of Dead Americans. Sell Guns to your people and bombs to other countries.Have a military base in every country. Indoctrinate the children in the scools that the military is good and needed, but no surgical operation for a cancer patient w/o health insurance. The world is really tired of this.


Just thinking today of the

Just thinking today of the quote "Patriotism is the last refuge of scoundrels". What terrible things we do in the name of patriotism. What false reasons for turpitude are invoked in its name; how people are cowed if they're labeled "unpatriotic" for voicing their honest opinions about the course this country is taking. Along with the false patriotism goes that jingoistic "God Bless America". Are we really the Chosen People? Who says? And while I'm on a roll, as a breast cancer survivor I am revolted by those stupid pink ribbons. "Run for the Cure". Really? Run for Big Pharma is more like it. Thank you for your article. May the right people read it.


In my town, a small group of

In my town, a small group of grey-haired protesters against nuclear arsenals and proliferation quietly but resolutely goes about its work, hoping to convince the jingoists you describe that "peace is patriotic". Quaint? Irrelevant? Foolishly naive? I find them courageous but far too few in number. We need to get William Astore's piece into the schools and cultivate a new generation that is as proud of its social critics as it is of its soldiers, that knows that enduring power is used judiciously and wisely, and that has the courage to speak up in the face of the authoritarian rage that poses as patriotism today.


The same Americans that say

The same Americans that say we can't afford universal health care because of the cost, don't say a peep about our military budget and the "war supplemental bills" that could pay for that universal health care. Military and war funding are what have caused our deficit. Where have those deficit hawks been for the last 8+ years.


How much healthcare would we

How much healthcare would we get for the whole military budget?