The Role of Government and the Foreclosure Crisis
Monday 20 September 2010
by: Dean Baker, t r u t h o u t | News Analysis
As we all know, there are two competing views on the proper role of government. On the one hand, we have those who believe that it is the government's responsibility to redistribute as much income as possible upward to the richest people in the country. On the other hand, there are those who believe that government should promote a strong economy that serves the vast majority of the population.
Adherents of the former group in both political parties have been firmly in control of government in recent decades. This comes out very clearly in the treatment of the foreclosure crisis.
The basic story of the foreclosure crisis is that banks made trillions of dollars of bad mortgage loans that were used to buy or refinance houses at bubble-inflated prices. With the collapse of the housing bubble, more than a fifth of all mortgages are underwater. As a result, many homeowners are struggling to pay mortgages on houses in which they have no equity and have no real prospect of ever getting equity.
This is where the two competing views of government come in. If the market is allowed to run its course, millions of homeowners will default on mortgages, leaving banks and investors with large losses.
The largest banks are especially vulnerable in this area since the four big banks own hundreds of billions of dollars in second mortgages. In the event of default these second mortgages will be mostly worthless since the holder of a second mortgage gets nothing from the sale of a foreclosed home until the first mortgage is paid in full. If a home is already underwater, then legal costs and sales fees are likely to eat up a large enough share of the sale price to prevent the first mortgage from being paid off, leaving nothing for the holder of the second mortgage.
Those who believe that is the role of government to redistribute income upward and help the banks want the government to get people to keep paying on underwater mortgages as long as possible. While this may make little sense for these homeowners, since they will never accumulate equity and are likely paying more in ownership costs than they would pay to rent a similar house, it does help the banks' bottom line. Each additional month that underwater homeowners stay in their homes paying the mortgage the banks are getting money they would not otherwise receive.
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This explains the value of a program like the Home Affordability Modification Program (HAMP). Only a small fraction of the people who enter this program will end up with a permanent modification that will actually allow them to accumulate equity. However, the entire time that they work with the program, they keep sending a mortgage check to the bank -- and the government kicks in some taxpayer dollars as well. This is a real win-win from the standpoint of the banks as they get more checks from the homeowner than would otherwise be the case, plus the subsidy from the government for stringing homeowners along.
Those who have the competing view -- that the role of government is to foster a strong economy and help the bulk of the population -- instead support measures that would directly help homeowners. For example, bankruptcy cram-down would make it easier for homeowners to declare bankruptcy and hold onto their homes.
Even better, the government could pass "right to rent" legislation as proposed by Representatives Raul Grijalva and Marcy Kaptur. This bill (HR 5028) would allow homeowners to stay in their home as renters for up to 5 years following a foreclosure. During this period, they would pay the market rent for their house as determined by an independent appraisal.
This bill would provide real housing security to homeowners facing foreclosure. It would also prevent a glut of vacant foreclosed homes from driving down property values and destroying neighborhoods. In addition, it would give banks more incentive to negotiate meaningful modifications with homeowners, since it would make the foreclosure route much less attractive. The Grijalva-Kaptur bill also would require no new government bureaucracy and would cost the taxpayers nothing.
But right-to-rent legislation would require a different view of government -- one that believes the government is responsible for helping ordinary people. As we know, the government is controlled by those who believe in redistributing money to the rich. So look for more plans to "help homeowners" by giving money to banks.

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The sad fact is that, in the
Mon, 09/20/2010 - 11:16 — dadepfan (not verified)The sad fact is that, in the long run, the wealthy are hurt by the very side of this argument that they support.
American Political Myths – Trickle-Down Economics
This one should be a no-brainer. Just think about it. What will stimulate the economy more, giving a million dollars to 100 people who already have millions, or giving a hundred dollars to a million people who have very little? Which group of people would be more likely to spend the money and thus stimulate the economy?
Even if the millionaires do spend the money, their impact on the economy is aptly described by the word “trickle.” Limited, slow, and short-lived. Which spending do you think would stimulate the economy faster and more completely, a hundred millionaires buying a new yacht, or a million people buying a new toaster and coffee maker?
Yes, this is a little simplistic, and there are other ways that the wealthy stimulate the economy. They invest, own businesses, and buy big-ticket items. But the real strength and health of the economy comes from small businesses and consumer spending. Republican politicians, and the big-business and wealthy conservatives that back and control them, are hell-bent on increasing their wealth with tax cuts and deregulation, and they want to pay for it by cutting entitlement programs and not cutting taxes for the middle class and the poor. This is the opposite of what will actually work. And the sad thing is that this only helps big business and the wealthy in the short-run. In the long-run, a bad economy is bad for all Americans, including big business and the wealthy.
The selling of trickle-down economics has been a textbook example of masterful deception and political spin. The Republicans are very good at deception, but their success in deceiving the American people has only been possible with the help of mass media. As long as they are allowed to tell complete lies via the mass media without having the truth pointed out in rebuttal, the American people are put into the position of having to to the media’s job of fact-checking, or they end up being deceived and voting against their own best interests.
Don’t be deceived! Trickle-Down Economics only helps big business and the wealthy. For everyone else, Bubble-Up Economics is what the economy really needs!
http://reverse-spin.com
Here's a little something
Mon, 09/20/2010 - 11:30 — Anonymous (not verified)Here's a little something about the Bush administration's role in the destruction of the U.S. housing market aka the destruction of the nation's economy.
I'm sure our "news" outlets are sorry they neglected to inform the U.S. public of this piece of news- even though they certainly found their voices and their cameras a few weeks later when Spitzer was savagely brought down:
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/02/13/AR2008021302783.html
How about copying this article before it disappears and handing a copy to every American hurting from the destruction of our housing market? Please send it around to all your networks...
There must be a cost, a huge
Mon, 09/20/2010 - 12:03 — Anonymous (not verified)There must be a cost, a huge emotional cost, for some homeowners to be given an option they to rent. One could venture to guess that the idea of renting is still abhorrent to underwater homeowners even though it makes great sense to "save" by renting. Save someone from the street. Millions would see renting from Fannie Mae just as awful as having a fraudulent mortgage underwritten by them.
Imagine a homeowner who has put everything into a house, enourmous sweat equity, to see the market explode and the jobs dry up along with it.
Cramdown is would have ended this disaster in 2009, but the Banks wouldn't permit it. It needs to be revisited, but the stooges are in election mode so that will have to wait. There are many Democrats who won't permit cramdown. F$%k 'em.
I'd like to see the
Mon, 09/20/2010 - 12:08 — Anonymous (not verified)I'd like to see the Government bring down one of it's own, an industry scoundrel (incidentally a Republican) John C Dugan. No one would wish his family be put out on the street but he should at least be disbarred, There are lawyers and then there are really evil (indifferent?) bastards, and this stooge at the OCC hasn't really answered up to anything. He's going to slink away back into a lucrative "private" cushion, disgusting. The sobn of bitch could slide into academia like another war criminal, John Woo.
Well, we tried 'trickle
Mon, 09/20/2010 - 15:00 — RoughAcres (not verified)Well, we tried 'trickle down,' then we tried 'trickle up' under the Bush administration.
Neither worked.
How about this plan:
- everyone pays the same percentage of their earnings to Social Security (ending the "cap" that lets the very rich pay the same dollar amount as their employees);
- anyone who pays a salary to someone else out of their pocket can deduct 110% of that salary (creating jobs and giving small businesses a tax break);
- ALL income, including unearned income, is taxed at the same rate. Since the very rich now pay substantially lower taxes on their investment income (which hasn't come from hard work, just luck), their tax burden truly WOULD be equal, percentage-wise, to those who are less fortunate;
- the first $50,000 of ALL income is tax-exempt.
Sound fair?
I used
Mon, 09/20/2010 - 16:18 — Jacob B. (not verified)I used http://www.landlordscreener.com and at least for tenants it's some sort of solution to avoid the landlords in foreclosure.
Homeowners have a lot more
Mon, 09/20/2010 - 17:12 — Anonymous (not verified)Homeowners have a lot more power then most columnists will ever let on, if there are even two of you in the same neighborhood, you can put up a pretty good fight. Banks are in your community, if they are declaring war on you, fight back!
20:00 says we tried both
Mon, 09/20/2010 - 17:21 — Anonymous (not verified)20:00 says we tried both trickle down and up. No we haven't, we've implemented enriching folks at the expense of everyone else at least since Ronnie Raygun blathered about morning for the wealthy.
Forbes first pontificated about an incredibly stupid flat tax idea during the 90s.(Not stupid for guys like him, he could conveniently hold on to much more of his wealth at everyone else's expense ) The same silly idea seems to have been adopted by some of the Ron Paul/Bagger types. In fact, the FlatTax (which is anything but) is being actively promoted by the Dick Armey propogandists. The Corporate Propogandists usually explain their tax-schemes with cutesy little tales that includes random elementary school numbers and simplistic unverified facts that are easy to understand because this is going to "lure" more people into being drawn around the bend with their lies. Foreclose on Dick Armey!
First, the author totally
Mon, 09/20/2010 - 17:24 — erich von Freemason (not verified)First, the author totally misunderstands how Americans view of the role of government. Taking a wide spectrum and cramming it into an either/or scenario, one of which is a total fiction, is extremely disingenuous.
Then, the author totally misses the cause of the mortgage meltdown. The FED's monetary expansion and artificially low interest rates guaranteed a bubble, if not in real estate, then somewhere else (too much money, too easy to get, chasing too few goods). Advocates for the poor and minorities lobbied the government to pressure banks into making loans to those with a high risk of default.
Here's Obama talking about how great it is that poor people are getting sub-prime loans.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FewmvkaTXHU
Here's Daniel Mudd, CEO of Fannie Mae, kissing the butt of Obama and the Congressional Black Caucus.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=usvG-s_Ssb0
Here's an article about Jesse Jackson, Jr. taking credit for Fannie Mae's "HomeStyle Chicago" initiative, which was started with $1 billion that JJ, Sr. extorted from Fannie.
http://www.allbusiness.com/banking-finance/banking-lending-credit-services/6799858-1.html
"If the market is allowed to run its course, millions of homeowners will default on mortgages, leaving banks and investors with large losses."
The losses have already taken place. They're in the past. They're a done deal. They're history. Nothing can bring back the lost value. All they're trying to do is get YOU (the taxpayer) to take the economic hit instead of them. Why should you have to pay for someone else's bad decision? The market SHOULD run its course, and the only role for government should be in enforcing contract law. Why should the government force those who don't own homes to pay for those who do? Why should it force those who aren't underwater or facing foreclosure to pay for those who are? This won't help the economy... it'll just shift the burden from those who should take the hit to those who shouldn't take the hit. Taking from Person A and giving to Person B does absolutely nothing to help the economy... it's just an Enron accounting method used to hide the loss.
"...prevent a glut of vacant foreclosed homes from driving down property values..."
That's the biggest reason to be AGAINST the bill, not for it (besides its being an ex post facto law, and, therefore, unconstitutional). Houses are STILL overvalued and prices need to come down.
The most blame should be
Mon, 09/20/2010 - 19:35 — Bagger Von Wayward (not verified)The most blame should be placed where Robert Sheer accurately says it should. He's got a great new book: "The Great American Stickup"
Only the Dick Armey crowd would claim the borrowers and their advocates are fully responsible for takin' down the economy. The Baggers know full well the Government took everybody's tax dollars and saved Wall Street from contr, in 2008. Let's get this straight: Wall Street can gamble all they want on the backs of the taxpayer, when the whole thing blows up, they are bailed out, then they fund dolts to march in DC with signs claiming that "they won't pay your mortgage".
Meanwhile everyone else to picked up the tab for Control Fraud to the tune of 13 Trillion!! That's probably enough money to start building houses on the moon,
What Bill are you referring
Mon, 09/20/2010 - 19:36 — Anonymous (not verified)What Bill are you referring to, Von Dipshit?
The "Government" isn't doing
Mon, 09/20/2010 - 20:35 — detroit deisel (not verified)The "Government" isn't doing any of what Von Cluless is saying, these are just lies. "Letting the market run it's course" doesn't make any sense either. The Government, with the Banks, with the Realtors have been desperately trying to prop up a market that surged on fraud, the individual homeowners don't really matter. In other words, there is nothing "free" about the market.
The Gov'ment has been giving terrible advice by insisting homeowners try to pay on their underwater homes when walking away is far more sensible. (A path, by the way. that many wealthy folks have already chosen)
Any foreclosure hurts other homeowners, the gamblers (investors of securities) are the wealthy class that is being protected in all of this. Their gambling debts are covered.
Don't send a mortgage check
Mon, 09/20/2010 - 22:51 — Anonymous (not verified)Don't send a mortgage check to the bank if you are underwater, breach the contract. You'll send them money if they reduce the principle. Walk if they refuse, they do it all the time. (This is a strange article from Baker, misses out on many, many, many happenings in the thrill ride world of housing.) He takes the high, ambivalent road sometimes, which I suppose is what's required of a top-40 economist - you like to believe he's rooting for the lil'guy, but you know he's thinking about his paycheck and can't quite endorse massive civil disobedience.
Thank you, "Erick Von
Tue, 09/21/2010 - 08:43 — Anonymous (not verified)Thank you, "Erick Von Freemason" for a truly intelligent comment!
Wealthy folks routinely use
Tue, 09/21/2010 - 09:11 — Erick Von Freemason (not verified)Wealthy folks routinely use a Judge to cram down their vacation homes, yachts, sports cars and investment properties in bankruptcy proceedings. The oligarchs wont allow the po'folk any such convenience, for these people it's indentured servitude or financial ruin.
My comments continue to be
Tue, 09/21/2010 - 13:19 — Bang (not verified)My comments continue to be blocked... why
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Thank you, "Erick Von
Sun, 09/26/2010 - 08:25 — Henk (not verified)Thank you, "Erick Von Freemason" for taking the time to list all the wingnut talking points concerning the mortgage cisis. (You left our Fanny and Freddie, but that was implied, right.)
Funny, how none of them have any basis in fact. If you want to fix problems you have to understand what the problem REALLY is, talking points, sound bites and political bugaboos aren't really very helpful. That's exactly why Republicans are only good at tearing down. You can tear down without facts, but you can not build anything on a foundation of lies, falsehoods and misinterpetation.
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