Out of Work, Sleeping in the Fields: The People of the Central Valley

by: David Bacon, t r u t h o u t | Report

Out of Work, Sleeping in the Fields: The People of the Central Valley
Pedro, an unemployed farm worker who now sleeps in an abandoned orchard, comes from Hermosillo in Sonora, Mexico. (Photos: David Bacon)

A photodocumentary project on the reality of life today in California's Central Valley

Near Reedley, on the east side of the San Joaquin Valley, three men live in a camp they've built under the trees of an abandoned orchard. A blue tarp and the cardboard from an unfolded carton make up the roof. The mattresses for their beds sit on shipping pallets, or nearby under a bush. One of the men made a doll of straw, which sits in the branch of a dead tree overlooking the camp.

Pedro, a migrant worker.

Humberto comes from Zihuatanejo in Guerrero. Pedro, who wears an earring in his ear, comes from Hermosillo in Sonora. Ramiro comes from a tiny town in the Lancandon jungle of Chiapas, about halfway between Tapachula on the coast, and Palenque, the site of the Mayan ruins.

A migrant worker in his shelter.

None of the men have worked more than a few days in the last several months. The riteros (people with vans who give workers rides to the fields to work) won't pick them up, because they say they live with the vagabundos (vagabonds). The men use bicycles for transportation.

Immigrant worker.

The three would send money home to their families if they could, but they don't even have enough to pay rent, which is why they're living under the trees. The rancher who owns the land has abandoned the orchard where they sleep. A number of other fields in the area are also abandoned.

Immigrant camp with bicycles.

The camp used to be located in another orchard nearby, but the workers were burned out. Nevertheless, one man hasn't moved, and sleeps under a tree in the old camp in the middle of the day, since he, too, has no work.

A man sleeps at an old camp, unable to find new work.

Not far away, Erica lives with two brothers, Fernando and Vladimir, in a plywood shack they've built next to a field of lemongrass and another field of abandoned trees. Surrounded by dogs and puppies, their shack is tiny, with enough room for only a mattress. They also have no work, and during the day work on a jigsaw puzzle with a religious image.

Fernando and Vladimir come from Zihuatanejo in Guerrero.

This trio also used to live under the trees. After telling the rancher when strangers had robbed lemongrass from his field, he gave them permission to build the shack on his land, and told the local sheriff not to bother them.

A shack built by immigrant workers on a rancher's land.

Fernando and Vladimir come from Zihuatanejo in Guerrero. Erica was born in the U.S., but her parents are indigenous Huichol migrants from the sierra in Nayarit. Erica wears a U.S. Census t-shirt, and Vladimir a Census cap, given them by Jorge Sanjuan, a Census outreach worker who finds people living in informal encampments, and who makes sure the Census counts them.

Aztec eagle symbol of the United Farm Workers union on a concrete irrigation drainpipe.

At the edge of a field next to the shack someone has painted the Aztec eagle symbol of the United Farm Workers union on a concrete irrigation drainpipe. 

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This work by Truthout is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 United States License.





     

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David Bacon is a writer and photographer. His new book, "Illegal People - How Globalization Creates Migration and Criminalizes Immigrants," was just published by Beacon Press. His photographs and stories can be found at http://dbacon.igc.org.


Comments

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"After telling the rancher

"After telling the rancher when strangers had robbed lemongrass from his field, he gave them permission to build the shack on his land, and told the local sheriff not to bother them."

You mean there are still people out there that do the right thing? Good to know, I've been losing my ability to look at my fellow human being in a positive light.
This is a sad story, I wish these people luck.



Wow, these kind faces. I

Wow, these kind faces. I used to do field work with migrant laborers. They would sing and joke as they worked, and come night, share a plate of food and a cold beer around the fire. I did not need to speak Spanish, a smile and simple hospitality, spoke volumes universally. Seemed like if they made 10 bucks, 9 was sent home to Momma. This anger in America is misplaced on these kind people, blame the banks, the wars, and the politicians.. Not our neighbors coming looking for work. http://www.whynotnews.org/



When the media takes

When the media takes pictures, does an article - idoes this mean "help" be on the way? Sounds like they worked something out with the farmer.



If these people are doing

If these people are doing "Security" work for the farmer, they should be paid "Security" wages and possibly get out of that situation. The rubber necked sheriff should just go home and have another beer. What do these people have to eat?
America fails again.



In this land of plenty, the

In this land of plenty, the top few percent of companies and individual earning most of the money, get all kinds of tax-breaks—we consume 25% of the worlds oil, and the US military is the worlds single biggest consumer of oil. Our collective behavior towards those that have nothing and barely get enough to eat is stunningly shameful.

Where is the investigative media that used to unveil crooked politicians & companies? Where is the voice of the church that should be speaking for the poor?

All we get is the promotion of more wingnuts who are screaming to do away with what little of our social safety-net there is left.

For shame!



The farmers should let the

The farmers should let the people work the field and keep the harvest profits for themselves. It's a shame to let orchards and farmland go unused.



...and I ask...why the

...and I ask...why the article on illegals out of work and living in the fields? There are thousands of US born citizens in the exact same situation, an indirect result of low-paid illegals lowering the living standards of the citizens of this country by way of greedy corps looking to hire them at subsistence wages! They need to go to their home countries and deal with their own employment issues there. Now, they are being "counted" as "citizens" in a census that will use those numbers to boost political agendas that do not focus on the true native-born citizens of the US, but on the "poor immigrants" that need our tax dollars to boost their own living standards!!! Can ANYONE NOT see the irony in all of this??



If I found myself out of

If I found myself out of work and living under a tree in Mexico I would go home.
Could it be that there is nothing better waiting there then what they have here and most certainly no one to "come to the rescue."
There are plenty of people right here living in more horrible conditions than in a orchard in California and they have no other home to return to.
I would definitely rather be living in poverty with my family and friends around me, in my own culture, then in another country...for some reason these people would not.



Great. More Mexican poverty

Great. More Mexican poverty being dumped on Joe taxpayer, the world's biggest chump.

Mexican citizens? Mexico's problem. Send them home. Don't listen to the bleeding hearts. For each one of these people, there are hundreds more waiting to come here illegally from all over Latin America if the US does not start finally enforcing its laws. There are now about 650 million people in Latin America, most of them poor and a good of whom are lining up to come here to overwhelm this country's social safety net. If you want to destroy this country, all you need to do is listen to the open borders crowd, and let this farce continue another decade. Then we will look just like Mexico or another one of these Latin American oligarchies, with 75% of the people living like this. Don't say it won't happen. Look at Texas and California and Arizona and New Mexico. It is already IS happening there.

And next time, why don't you show some photos of the victims of all the illegal alien rapists and drunk drivers and murderers, and of the other US citizens whose lives have been wrecked by illegally importing the dregs of Mexico?



Regarding, "If I found

Regarding, "If I found myself out of."
Look up NAFTA and find out what it's done to agriculture in poorer countries.
And then, shut up.



And at least they're honest

And at least they're honest laborers beneath the open heavens, rather than the Obamanible lie-in-state dinner hall cockroachs, the British Petroleum jellies slithering up from the seafloor or the vampire yids descending from wine-dark skies to torment the rest of US free-living creatures of Mother Earth, who don't have to "Lie OR Die", and Simply LIVE, instead!



What's the BIG picture

What's the BIG picture here?

All arguments in favor of border enforcement seem to rest on economics - ie., MONEY.

I have nothing against money, per se, or even the capitalist system, also per se. But to be honest about the whole thing, don't those who look to make the most money go about either open piracy or 'legalisms' bent to make their cause just? When was the last time you saw "made in the USA" on anything you can get from Walmart, a corporation that made its original bones on USA-made goods?



i'm an American living in

i'm an American living in Germany. i have a job here. i'm sure that there are Germans who could do my job and would like to have it. whether we like it or not the world works in a different way now. anybody carping about latinos "taking jobs away from Americans" should ask themselves if they would do what these people are willing to do for the wages they get. they should also ask themselves if they would be willing to join a union. forming a union and getting enough people to join is the only way that workers can actually have a voice in what corporations do. America used to have strong unions. when it did, workers made a decent wage. unions aren't perfect but until we come back to them nothing will change.



There is no way that when

There is no way that when coming here that there
is work available. The unemployment rate in this
country is high. We seem to have more sympathy
for the poor Mexicans who can't find work then
the many people who have lived and worked here
all their lives only to find their pensions gone,
losing jobs and homes. Is it realistic for me to
go to Mexico and know that the country is having
a rough time and want work available and it is
not and ask for some sympathy from the Mexicans?
Whether NAFTA caused the problems there or not we have to see the reality of what is going
on right here in our own country.



Bless the rancher and bless

Bless the rancher and bless the sheriff. California is a much too expensive state to live for people who lack abundant resources.  Do these folks know that there are other places in the US where the rent is low and jobs for the unskilled/uneducated are plentiful?  Maybe we're presuming that they do not like living simplistically and in the open air foraging for their meals.  There are prosperous Americans living in South American jungles doing the same thing, living simply and foraging in the wild (and making a good living from it!), so maybe this is just another example of people who prefer living in the wild and foraging?  By the photos, these people don't appear to be miserable and starving. I don't know, but I think this topic is worthy of deeper, more probing research.  It could be a trend that some humans are leaning towards--humans from all economic strata. I think this article just skims the surface of what may be a new trend developing any many countries--not just the US.

 

 



Regarding "Regarding" Farm

Regarding "Regarding"
Farm workers? Living in a orchard? Doing puzzles? Waiting for someone to what? What is wrong with this picture?
When you find yourself surrounded by lemons, make lemonade...or orange juice. Or just sit around doing puzzles-but don't expect people to feel sorry for you.



And now that your story has

And now that your story has identified their location and shown their photos, can we expect immigration authorities to boot them out?

US jobs and those of other northern tier nations are being exported to China and other countries where labour is cheap and workers are mistreated.



All of you who would tell

All of you who would tell them to go back home should ask this simple question : how bad are things back home if this is better?



This is another disgrace

This is another disgrace brought to you by NAFTA. I, too, see migrant workers in my area. They are good people and I hope they will be left alone. California's farm workers have been 90% illegal, in recent years. They also work under conditions that are very bad, on some of the farms, including lack of sufficient water and shade. It's like slavery. This is where our fruits and vegetables are coming from, people.

During the election campaigns, and right after the Democratic primaries, I think it was Clinton and Obama who campaigned regarding the AgJobs bill that would provide legal pathways for agricultural workers, improving work conditions, and provide incentives to stay in agricultural work for X number of years -- to counter this attrition rate -- which was about 25% -- hopping the fence into other industries illegally. That is, stay in farm work for X number of years (I think the bill was 3), and you can have the option of another X number of years towards citizenship (or something like that). IOW, it was one of the fewer constructive bills on the table in this entire debacle, that would actually address some of the issues.

continued



continued A lot of the farm

continued

A lot of the farm workers who stay in farm work, too, want to return to Mexico, and go to and fro more easily. But those who stay in farm work and want to join American citizenry, I, for one, gladly welcome these hard working, honest people into our nation.

This is the kind of "people-stock" that will continue to fuel the kind of citizenry and good people that America needs in order to keep being a great nation. Like the other immigrants who have built this country, if they stay, their children will go on to be tommorrow's teachers, doctors, and civic leaders -- with hearts and compassion for others because they remember their roots.

continued



continued They should pass

continued

They should pass AgJobs supported by the United Farmworkers Union, and throw out NAFTA and CAFTA.

Here's a great modern version of an old time American favorite, "Pastures of Plenty" by Woody Guthrie, performed by Solas @ youtube.com/watch?v=oPVGTENR8DM



We are people of the

We are people of the world,if the rich dictators of our existence can move toward forcing their "New World Disorder"upon us, why don't We the People take back mental ownership of the world? Borders were created by murdering governments to control and harvest the wealth of their slaves. To "fix" the borders we must remove them and those who force such arbitrary definitions upon us,People, it's time to take our world back from the politicians who only care about their riches and their ability to kill as some perverted Luciferian justification for their crimes against humanity.



Will those in favor of

Will those in favor of immigration tell us where you live? Also tell us how we can assimilate all of Latin America if we do not control our borders and enforce immigration laws? When the deer population exceeds the food supply we hunt them down. How long before this whole scenario turns into a full blown Civil War?



Here is an even better audio

Here is an even better audio and full version of Solas @ http:// (no www) finaleofseem.vox.com/library/audio/6a00c2252a6b7f549d00d41415cc63685e.html



If Congress had the balls,

If Congress had the balls, they should haul Bill Bubba Clinton before congress and let him explain how the working classes in this country gained from his promotion of Nafta and Cafta.
The Clintons are getting away with Murder and Treason. Time for a wake-up call to the Working Classes. Rebel against your own Democratic Party who have sold us out. We need real honest leadership that we cannot find.



@ 20:21, I completely agree

@ 20:21, I completely agree though I think the Republicans are in on this too. Clinton actually hatched that baby with Bush Senior. Plus CAFTA was promoted by John McCain, who should also be hauled up there.

@ and on article itself, and because some posters have mentioned -- a lot of the migrants have gotten stuck on this side of the border because if they go back, they can't get back in when the season starts again. Because of what's happening with the borders and the lack of legislative action. This further contributes to the development of illegal labor in other industries (besides that fact that the working conditions have become so deplorable in some places), because then they need another way to make a living while they're stuck in the U.S. during off-season.

People should also view "California's Harvest of Shame"@ ufw.org/_board.php?mode=view&b_code=res_multi&b_no=4663&page=1&field=&key=&n=126



Grapes of Wrath:

Grapes of Wrath: Redux.

Instead of an "Okie" invasion, we have an Hispanic invasion. But these folks, like the Joads, are not despicable parasites bent on destroying the U.S. economy and stealing others' jobs. On the contrary, they are quite often honest, hard-working folks looking to get by in an increasingly harsh world.

Farming is simply not profitable when farmers are forced to pay decent wages. So they actively search for workers who will accept subsistence level wages. That is why the Mexicans are in our country. They are here because businesses want (and need) them here. When the work runs out and the fruit has been picked, however, we expect them to scamper back to their country or to camp "out of sight, out of mind."

Don't blame the workers, blame the system. Until we move away from a globalized, "race to the bottom" economy and toward a localized, nation-state economy, this sort of problem will be endemic.



Does anybody remember the

Does anybody remember the *Bracero Program*? Until Cesar Chavez destroyed it, it provided legitimate, controlled work for tens of thousands of Mexican crop workers. Part of the operation assured that a large portion of the money they earned went back to Mexico.

The vast increase in illegal immigrants is a direct result of the end of the Braccero progrsm.



The MSM tries to stir up

The MSM tries to stir up hatred of immigrants when in fact the only opposing forces in this country are the people who work for a paycheck VS the top one percent who own everything. Thats the only confrontation that is going on. The Mexicans are our brothers (and sisters). I was always impressed by the kindness and honesty and humility of the vast majority of Mexican people I have met. I feel much more kinship to them than the elitist yuppy ownership class.



"There is no way that

"There is no way that then..." I can understand your discontent over an education that failed you so badly. If you write ungrammatically, readers will hear the wrongness and usually dismiss what you say.



wow, not that unusual

wow, not that unusual though. The problem here is not illegal immigration, the problem is capitalism and it's unhealthy use of resources along with nonexistent competition. It doesn't take a genius to see that competition is the last thing that big corporations want. If there is no competition they can charge higher and higher prices and retain higher and higher profit margins. Central America suffers tremedously from this lack of competition among business. Cent. America could easily support itself but those farmers are undersold by the global economy. This is the future of the USA. Get used to it, it will become more common every year with this world wide collapse of capitalism.



Manipulated supply and

Manipulated supply and demand pays farmers not to grow and cause dairies to dump milk on the ground. manipulated supply and demand turns good oil wells in America off so we buy from those who do not wish the best for us.
Manipulated supply and demand turns brother against brother and sister against sister for profit.
The American Ideal as foundid by our forefathers did not fail us we failed it by listening to big business when the teach us that our government is corrupt and must be kept to small to have any affect on businesses that want to take advantage of us,
We need to organize many groups and choose representatives of those groups to attend city counsel meetings and we need to attend or send our group representative to as many town halls as as we can arrange.
A democracy needs participation of the people or the people has no voice, Voting is not enough, Your politicians all should know your name or group affiliation or both. Then and only then can we live a slave free life from those who wants to control us.



Skimming the comments here,

Skimming the comments here, I'm flabbergasted by how many idiots are scornful of these people. They're not doing anything more than existing on land without demolishing it... which is more than can be said of anyone with a job.

From the point of view of this planet, all of us typing have a hand in its demise... as opposed to the people of this article who don't even seem to be using the irrigation systems that are killing off all the salmon. Indigenous life is the only way to exist sustainably. Our culture has practically wiped out all indigenous societies... and we're more than likely going to die as a result.

So quit bitching about the economy and immigration, your words are better spent focused on the policies rather than fellow victims. Better yet: quit bitching altogether and start living off the grid in communes in the woods...



"All of you who would tell

"All of you who would tell them to go back home should ask this simple question : how bad are things back home if this is better?"

Anonymous, this is not Mexico's problem--why?



To the American living in

To the American living in Germany:
you are there legally, and the govt encourages you to be gainfully employed.

We do have this problem in the US: workers brought in (India etc) who are legally here, work for much less and fewer benefits, and do take jobs from native born people ...our companies (Microsoft for example) tells the govt they can not get skilled workers and need more green cards issued. But talk to workers out of jobs and they will tell you they can not get job, or were dropped, so less expensive foreign workers can replace them.



Albert Bartlett [professor

Albert Bartlett [professor emeritus of physics, University of Colorado] has stated:“Can you think of any problem, on any scale from microscopic to global, whose long-term solution is, in any demonstrable way, aided, assisted, or advanced by having larger populations at the local level, the state level, the national level, or globally?”



to writer at 02:14 who

to writer at 02:14 who answered me (American living in Germany):
yes, i have legal status and documentation. i am one of the privileged. everything that you say points to the systemic problem: a dystopic world in the stranglehold of corporate capitalism and overpopulation.
Americans in the southwestern states have a huge problem. and it isn't going away. international corporations are responsible. various corporations arranged for assembly plants to be built in places like Ciudad Juarez ( just across the border from El Paso) which attract workers from all over Central America. violent crime in Juarez has created an atmosphere of terror there. there were more than 1,600 murders in Juarez in 2008.
so, if the options are 1. starving in your little village, 2. going to Juarez for a job and dodging bullets, knives or worse or, 3. taking your chances in a farm field in California or Arizona what would you do?



and, by the way, for those

and, by the way, for those of you who think "those people" should go back to their own country or be ready to be "culled from the herd" like an overpopulation of deer: Ciudad Juarez was founded in 1659, more that a century before the U.S. was founded. the land which is now Texas, New Mexico, Arizona and much of California was "appropriated" by the U.S. from Mexico in the 19th century, and then, of course, we either killed or sent the native American populations off to reservations, some as far away as Oklahoma or Florida.



It sounds like our country

It sounds like our country was built on the blood and tears of the original owners...the native Americans...and these innocent people are their descendents ?? Therefore, the land they farm and the trees they harvest once belonged to them???
Our country has slashed it's way to the top of the dung heap...and we will get the reward of our ignorance and arrogance....



Yes, the land once and

Yes, the land once and always will belong to them. But we will never recognize that, curbing "immigrants" as if they were all cattle with some hoof-and-mouth disease that needed to be eradicated.

I live among the Spaniards. They are wonderful, hardworking people who would give you everything they have just for the chance to work so they can help their families.

Besos. Un abrazo, mi amigos y amigas.

And thank you for this eye-opening photo documentary.

Professor Fandel



To fahrender: if you're

To fahrender: if you're working in Germany, could it be because you couldn't find a job in America? I spent Saturday at a flea market, where the half dozen people I spoke to were there because they had lost a job and couldn't find another one. They were buying and selling anything they could to survive.

This country is in a depression; we don't need unemployed illegals making things worse. I may feel sorry for these men, but they still don't belong here.



I notice that the man

I notice that the man speaking, and gesturing intelligently and expressively with his hands, has no front teeth.

We need migrant worker and immigration agreements with our neighbor, Mexico, that would see both countries pass simple legislation opening up Medicare (or in Mexico, whatever is the equivalent) to their citizens in both of our countries. This would include, as in John Conyer's original bill, dental care.

It would serve the dual purpose of addressing more conservative voices concerned with the costs to our medical system, and the need for Mexico to take responsibility for some of the issues in their own nation.

continued



continued It is leverage

continued

It is leverage that would be well served since Mexico appears to have an extraordinarily high interest in seeing its citizens enter the U.S. for work, but the same interests at work in their country, opposing health care as a human right that should be guaranteed for all its citizens.

I don't really expect that we could accomplish something this sane, but one might as well talk about sanity against the odds, since there's not much else one can do.

I do see, though, that this man needs dental care, has a situation in his mouth that is potentially life threatening, and that many people in both of our countries live with virtually third world health conditions when it comes to dentistry.

The fact that our elected representatives have mouths worth about 20,000 in cosmetic dentistry alone is actually not a reflection what is actually going on with dental care in America.



There is enough abundance on

There is enough abundance on this planet to feed and care for everyone. It's a distribution problem. We need to work on this, with compassi0n and good will.



To Sharonsj: i resigned a

To Sharonsj: i resigned a job in the U.S. after working there for thirty years. i work in Germany because i enjoy living in different places. i've also worked in Russia, Sudan and Venezuela. there could come a time when i will lose my job as could also happen to you.
the economic collapse we are facing is world-wide. it doesn't stop at borders. hope motivates people. the United States is a symbol of prosperity to needy people in many parts of the world and many of them try in whatever way they can to come to the U.S. even though the reality may not be what they imagine.
the "unemployed illegals" as you label them are found to be useful to some Americans or they probably wouldn't be here. the border with Mexico and the U.S. is far too long to be sealed, that of Canada and the U.S. is even longer. attempting to keep people out is pretty much impractical for financial reasons. that's what this is all about anyway: money. follow the money and you'll see why.



Open the borders, open

Open the borders, open immigration, let labor follow capital and don't allow hate to destroy more lives. Don't create a profitable system of apartheid for defense contractors and prison industrialists; honor human rights.



I am amazed that there are

I am amazed that there are so many who are ready to give an "anonymous" opinion and unwilling to put their name to their statement. I rejoice that there are a few who do but still it is difficult to see by what life experience and authority they offer their comment. Utilizing the unused land in the orchard where they are squatting is a valid solution but it requires capital for tools, fertilizer, and seeds.
 
Repealing Nafta and Cafta could well give relief to subsistence farmers who have been hurt by a flood of cheep imports.
 
But why are we spending a considerable sum on building a wall, putting up surveillance cameras, and boarder patrols which are not answering the demand for  labor that is not filled by local people? The Government should determine the demand, go to the source and recruit workers, sign them to a contract, transport them back and deliver where needed. Those work places should then be monitored to make sure at least the minimum wage is paid, that workers are not unfairly charged for accommodation or food and that work places are safe. At the end or a six months or year's contract, they should be transported home.

As for the person who ask where churches were in helping the needy, it would appear that he/she is not a member of a mainline church for all of them have their outreach.
I am a member of the United Church of Christ and expressed by appreciation of Christ's message of love by spending eleven years working for non-Whites at Mcord Hospital, Durban, S. Africa at a low wage. Incidentally, that Hospital has now celebrated its Century and its Sinekithemba program, a holistic approach to the problem of HIV/AIds is lauded as the best in Africa.
 



I like the straw doll --

I like the straw doll -- friendly scarecrow ?

Someone has artistic/expressive skill !

I am imagining a whole collection of them positioned about the small community there. Art in public places for real.

I wonder if it is possible to start a garden there, given the issues with water.



Amazing -- not a piece of

Amazing -- not a piece of trash in sight!

How curiously out-of-character. Of course the photographer didn't sanitize the site first, right?

At any rate, this story (unintentionally) confirms the US now has a surplus of illegal aliens, even by the old canard that they are "just doing the work the lazy gringos won't do."

Helpful hint: These folks ought to practice some serious birth control -- that's easily done, if they choose to. Too bad the subject's taboo.



Birth control is only as

Birth control is only as taboo a subject as people make it. Mexico has roughly the same birth rate as the U.S. thanks to family planning programs that were instituted during the '70's. Studies do show that poorer immigrants tend to have more children, but those children have less, as they assimilate into the society around them through public education, college, medical care, etc.

Of course, if they are religious fanatics, like the white, Christian right in the U.S. -- say someone like Sarah Palin -- they will keep having one child after the next despite any attempts at public health education. I know of some of in my community. They are not Mexican migrants. They are white right-wing Christians -- some of whom have up to 10 children, and in 21st century America where they know all about birth control and family planning.

Also, may I point out that the one woman in this piece has no children with her at all. Nor are there any children at this encampment.

I suppose it's possible they cleaned up before the photoshoot. But is that any different than anyone who has the press over to their home and house cleans before hand ?

So much for taboos then.



"The camp used to be located

"The camp used to be located in another orchard nearby, but the workers were burned out. "

Who burned these people out? Could this be the cause of so many wildfires in Cali?



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